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2025 Impact Factor of CJCR: 6.7
Journal Citation Reports ™, Clarivate Analytics

Epidemiology, early detection, and management of breast cancer in China: A comprehensive review

Breast cancer represents a significant and growing public health challenge in China, marked by a rising incidence and distinct variations across age groups and geographical regions. This review synthesizes recent evidence regarding the epidemiology, early detection, and early treatment in the Chinese context. We outline current patterns of disease burden and the spectrum of risk factors—both modifiable and non-modifiable. We note ongoing shifts linked to reproductive trends, lifestyle changes, and an aging population. Screening practices are increasingly evolving towards stratified, risk-adapted pathways. These approaches often combine mammography with adjunct imaging modalities such as ultrasound, digital breast tomosynthesis, or magnetic resonance imaging for selected populations, while artificial intelligence is under active investigation to enhance image interpretation and streamline workflow.

Leukemia epidemiology in China: Burden, trends, and determinants in the 21st century

This comprehensive review integrates population-based registries, hospital databases and Global Burden of Disease data to describe the evolving leukemia burden in China from 2000 to 2022. The overall incidence has stabilized nationally, but the absolute number of cases continues to increase as the population ages. A bimodal age pattern persists, with acute leukemias clustering in young children and older adults, while chronic forms predominate in mid-to-late life, and males are consistently more affected by all subtypes. Rapid expansion of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has resulted in marked survival gains for both acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and its seamless integration with molecularly targeted agents, venetoclax-based regimens and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy has transformed acute leukemias into potentially curable diseases for an expanding proportion of patients. In parallel, universal access to tyrosine kinase inhibitors and standardized molecular monitoring have turned chronic myeloid leukemia into a manageable chronic condition, and survival of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia is improving as novel Bruton’s tyrosine kinase and BCL-2 inhibitors diffuse into clinical practice.

National Health Commission guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer in China (2025 edition, English version)

The incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer in China continue to rise, with approximately 520,000 new cases and 240,000 deaths in 2022, posing a significant public health challenge (1). The National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer (2025 edition) (hereinafter referred to as “the Guidelines”) was revised by nearly one hundred multidisciplinary experts organized by the Chinese Medical Association Oncology Branch, which is entrusted by the Department of Medical Administration of the National Health Commission. Building on the core principle of “evidence-based medicine, combined with Chinese practice” since the first edition in 2013, the Guidelines add a chapter on “Surgical treatment of anal canal cancer” and a section on “New technologies and advances in diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer”.

Expert consensus on multidisciplinary management of laparoscopic-endoscopic cooperative surgery combined with sentinel lymph node navigation surgery for early gastric cancer (2026 edition)

With the advancement of surgical techniques and enhanced management of early gastric cancer (EGC), minimally invasive function-preserving surgical approaches have emerged as a common goal for patients and clinicians. Laparoscopic-endoscopic cooperative surgery combined with sentinel lymph node navigation surgery (LECS-SNNS) has drawn increasing interest because of its dual benefits of minimal invasiveness and organ function preservation. However, robust evidence-based support for guiding clinical implementation remains limited. To address this gap, we systematically evaluated available studies on the clinical application of LECS-SNNS in EGC and integrated expert insights to formulate 20 recommendations.

Updates of CSCO guidelines for colorectal cancer version 2025

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy of the digestive system and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In China, CRC ranks as the second most common cancer with incidence and mortality rates continuing to rise. The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) first introduced its guidelines in 2017, and since then, they have been updated annually to incorporate the latest clinical research findings, drug availability, and expert consensus. This article presents the key updates in the 2025 edition compared to the 2024 version.

Cancer statistics in China: Epidemiology, risk factors, and prevention

Cancer is a leading cause of death in China, and its epidemiological profile has shifted markedly in recent years. This review summarizes contemporary trends in cancer incidence and mortality, delineates the major modifiable risk factors, and highlights recent national efforts to ease the burden of cancer. In 2022, China recorded 4.8 million new cancer cases (crude rate: 341.7 per 100,000) and 2.5 million cancer deaths (182.3 per 100,000). Lung, colorectal, thyroid, liver, stomach, and female breast cancers accounted for 65% of all diagnoses, while lung, liver, stomach, colorectal, and esophageal cancers constituted 67.5% of cancer deaths. Notable shifts in sex-specific rankings underscored the rising mortality burden of prostate, female breast, and cervical cancers.

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Vol 38, No 4 (Aug 2026)

Editorial

Updates of CSCO guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of acute leukemia: 2026 edition

Hongye Gao, Erlie Jiang

Pages: 393-398 HTML

Research Highlight

Radiation oncology at a new frontier: Hotspots, challenges, and emerging advances

Baochao Wei, Zengfu Zhang, Dawei Chen, Jinming Yu

Pages: 399-405 HTML

Gastric cancer in the Era of neural regulation

Jingwu Yue, Shi Jiao, Zhaocai Zhou

Pages: 406-410 HTML

Review Article

Overcoming barriers to bladder preservation: Emerging intravesical therapies for high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer

Shenhao Pan, Wentong Xu, Yong Xiang, Ming Huang, Xu Chen

Pages: 411-430 HTML

AI agents in cancer imaging: Concepts, advances, and clinical perspectives

Ruiying Yao

Pages: 431-443 HTML

Circulating tumor DNA-based minimal residual disease-guided adjuvant therapy in solid tumors: Current evidence, clinical trial frameworks, and future directions

Mingchi Ma, Beian Xia, Qian Xu, Jiahui Chu, Song Li, Lian Liu

Pages: 444-459 HTML

Original Article

Decoding age-stratified clinical and molecular heterogeneity in male breast cancer through multiomic profiling

Zhishuang Gao, Zehao Wang, Yue Zhou, Xiaoting Chen, Yanhui Wang, Yangsiyuan Zhao, Rui Xu, Jing Liu, Bingqiu Xiu, Zhiming Shao, Jingyan Xue, Jiong Wu

Pages: 460-479 HTML

A programmed cell death learning signature predicts immunotherapy response and identifies AP1S1 as a regulator of immune exclusion in breast cancer

Guixin Wang, Junming Cao, Parhat Kaysar, Chenglu Lu, Ziyi Chen, Zhaohui Chen, Han Zhang, Yue Yu, Yongjie Xie, Shan Cheng, Pengpeng Zhang, Xin Wang

Pages: 480-500 HTML

A CT-based deep learning model with biological interpretation for predicting early recurrence after neoadjuvant therapy in gastric cancer

Caiming Weng, Qing Zhong, Lihong Chen, Yuqin Sun, Shichao Wu, Huangen Wang, Guojun Xia, Haoxiang Zhang, Li Liu, Dong Wu, Xinyu Wan, Zhixin Shangguan, Zhiquan Zhang, Liwei Xue, Lisheng Cai, Ping Li, Chaohui Zheng, Yunjing Xue, Changming Huang, Jianwei Xie

Pages: 501-518 HTML

Long-term effectiveness of a two-step colorectal cancer screening strategy and risk of colorectal cancer after polypectomy

Lijuan Dai, Le Wang, Yunfeng Zhu, Furong Chang, Weiwei Chen, Xueni Cheng, Yuefan Shen, Meng Zhu, Hongxia Ma, Guangfu Jin, Zhibin Hu, Lingbin Du, Dong Hang, Hongbing Shen

Pages: 519-532 HTML

GCH1, identified by a ferroptosis-related prognostic model, contributes to progression and drug resistance of esophageal cancer

Yu Xue, Wenting Huang, Sijia Liu, Xiaoxu Liu, Qingjie Min, Xuefeng Liu, Chaoqun Chen, Qimin Zhan

Pages: 533-549 HTML

Protocol

Effectiveness of Risk-based Sequential Screening for Esophageal and Gastric Cancer (ERSS-EGC): A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Mengfei Liu, Hongrui Tian, Yingchao Huo, Jinhui Ma, Chuanhai Guo, Weicheng Xue, Qi Wu, Keneng Chen, Shijie Li, Weifeng Li, Zhen Liu, Wenlei Yang, Fangjie Chen, Jianwei Sun, Jiepin Duan, Min’an Zhang, Yaqi Pan, Ying Liu, Huanyu Chen, Zhe Hu, Fangfang Liu, Yalun Wang, Zhonghu He, Yang Ke

Pages: 550-554 HTML

CSCO Guidelines

Updates of CSCO guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of lymphoma: 2026 edition

Weiping Liu, Donglu Zhao, Jun Ma, Jun Zhu, Yuqin Song

Pages: 336-339 HTML

Updates of CSCO guidelines for colorectal cancer version 2026

Xian Zhong, Jinyi Chen, Yan Zhang, Hanguang Hu, Shanshan Weng, Suzhan Zhang, Ying Yuan

Pages: 329-335 HTML

Updates of CSCO guidelines for colorectal cancer version 2025

Demin Lu, Caixia Dong, Kailai Wang, Chenyang Ye, Liubo Chen, Ying Yuan, Hanguang Hu

Pages: 297-302 HTML

CSCO guidelines for colorectal cancer version 2024: Updates and discussions

Liubo Chen, Hanguang Hu, Ying Yuan, Shanshan Weng

Pages: 233-239 HTML

CSCO guidelines for colorectal cancer version 2023: Updates and insights

Mi Mi, Shanshan Weng, Ziheng Xu, Hanguang Hu, Yi Wang, Ying Yuan

Pages: 233-238 HTML

CSCO guidelines for colorectal cancer version 2022: Updates and discussions

Zhijun Yuan, Shanshan Weng, Chenyang Ye, Hanguang Hu, Suzhan Zhang, Ying Yuan

Pages: 67-70 HTML

Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) diagnosis and treatment guidelines for malignant lymphoma 2021 (English version)

Jun Zhu, Jun Ma, Union for China Lymphoma Investigators of Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology

Pages: 289-301 HTML

Update in version 2021 of CSCO guidelines for colorectal cancer from version 2020

Caixia Dong, Yuwei Ding, Shanshan Weng, Guichao Li, Yanqing Huang, Hanguang Hu, Zhen Zhang, Suzhan Zhang, Ying Yuan

Pages: 302-307 HTML

Updates in version 2020 of CSCO guidelines for colorectal cancer from version 2019

Shanshan Weng, Ying Yuan, Xicheng Wang, Gong Chen, Yi Wang, Weiqi Sheng, Xinxiang Li, Aiping Zhou, Zhen Zhang, Guichao Li, Sanjun Cai, Ruihua Xu, Jin Li, Suzhan Zhang

Pages: 403-407 HTML

Updates in version 2019 of CSCO guidelines for colorectal cancer from version 2018

Ying Yuan, Xicheng Wang, Gong Chen, Yi Wang, Weiqi Sheng, Xinxiang Li, Aiping Zhou, Zhen Zhang, Guichao Li, Sanjun Cai, Ruihua Xu, Jin Li, Suzhan Zhang

Pages: 423-425 HTML

Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) diagnosis and treatment guidelines for head and neck cancer 2018 (English version)

Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) diagnosis and treatment guidelines for head and neck cancer working group

Pages: 84-98 HTML

Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) diagnosis and treatment guidelines for persistent/recurrent and metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer 2018 (English version)

Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) diagnosis and treatment guidelines for persistent/recurrent and metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer working group

Pages: 99-116 HTML

Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) diagnosis and treatment guidelines for colorectal cancer 2018 (English version)

Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) diagnosis and treatment guidelines for colorectal cancer working group

Pages: 117-134 HTML

NHCPRC Guidelines

National Health Commission guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer in China (2025 edition, English version)

Department of Medical Administration, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China; Chinese Medical Association Oncology Branch

Pages: 949-961 HTML

National Health Commission guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer 2023 in China (English version)

National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China; Society of Oncology, Chinese Medical Association

Pages: 197-232 HTML