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Epidemiology, early detection, and management of breast cancer in China: A comprehensive review

Breast cancer represents a significant and growing public health challenge in China, marked by a rising incidence and distinct variations across age groups and geographical regions. This review synthesizes recent evidence regarding the epidemiology, early detection, and early treatment in the Chinese context. We outline current patterns of disease burden and the spectrum of risk factors—both modifiable and non-modifiable. We note ongoing shifts linked to reproductive trends, lifestyle changes, and an aging population. Screening practices are increasingly evolving towards stratified, risk-adapted pathways. These approaches often combine mammography with adjunct imaging modalities such as ultrasound, digital breast tomosynthesis, or magnetic resonance imaging for selected populations, while artificial intelligence is under active investigation to enhance image interpretation and streamline workflow.

Leukemia epidemiology in China: Burden, trends, and determinants in the 21st century

This comprehensive review integrates population-based registries, hospital databases and Global Burden of Disease data to describe the evolving leukemia burden in China from 2000 to 2022. The overall incidence has stabilized nationally, but the absolute number of cases continues to increase as the population ages. A bimodal age pattern persists, with acute leukemias clustering in young children and older adults, while chronic forms predominate in mid-to-late life, and males are consistently more affected by all subtypes. Rapid expansion of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has resulted in marked survival gains for both acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and its seamless integration with molecularly targeted agents, venetoclax-based regimens and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy has transformed acute leukemias into potentially curable diseases for an expanding proportion of patients. In parallel, universal access to tyrosine kinase inhibitors and standardized molecular monitoring have turned chronic myeloid leukemia into a manageable chronic condition, and survival of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia is improving as novel Bruton’s tyrosine kinase and BCL-2 inhibitors diffuse into clinical practice.

National Health Commission guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer in China (2025 edition, English version)

The incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer in China continue to rise, with approximately 520,000 new cases and 240,000 deaths in 2022, posing a significant public health challenge (1). The National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer (2025 edition) (hereinafter referred to as “the Guidelines”) was revised by nearly one hundred multidisciplinary experts organized by the Chinese Medical Association Oncology Branch, which is entrusted by the Department of Medical Administration of the National Health Commission. Building on the core principle of “evidence-based medicine, combined with Chinese practice” since the first edition in 2013, the Guidelines add a chapter on “Surgical treatment of anal canal cancer” and a section on “New technologies and advances in diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer”.

Expert consensus on multidisciplinary management of laparoscopic-endoscopic cooperative surgery combined with sentinel lymph node navigation surgery for early gastric cancer (2026 edition)

With the advancement of surgical techniques and enhanced management of early gastric cancer (EGC), minimally invasive function-preserving surgical approaches have emerged as a common goal for patients and clinicians. Laparoscopic-endoscopic cooperative surgery combined with sentinel lymph node navigation surgery (LECS-SNNS) has drawn increasing interest because of its dual benefits of minimal invasiveness and organ function preservation. However, robust evidence-based support for guiding clinical implementation remains limited. To address this gap, we systematically evaluated available studies on the clinical application of LECS-SNNS in EGC and integrated expert insights to formulate 20 recommendations.

Updates of CSCO guidelines for colorectal cancer version 2025

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy of the digestive system and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In China, CRC ranks as the second most common cancer with incidence and mortality rates continuing to rise. The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) first introduced its guidelines in 2017, and since then, they have been updated annually to incorporate the latest clinical research findings, drug availability, and expert consensus. This article presents the key updates in the 2025 edition compared to the 2024 version.

Cancer statistics in China: Epidemiology, risk factors, and prevention

Cancer is a leading cause of death in China, and its epidemiological profile has shifted markedly in recent years. This review summarizes contemporary trends in cancer incidence and mortality, delineates the major modifiable risk factors, and highlights recent national efforts to ease the burden of cancer. In 2022, China recorded 4.8 million new cancer cases (crude rate: 341.7 per 100,000) and 2.5 million cancer deaths (182.3 per 100,000). Lung, colorectal, thyroid, liver, stomach, and female breast cancers accounted for 65% of all diagnoses, while lung, liver, stomach, colorectal, and esophageal cancers constituted 67.5% of cancer deaths. Notable shifts in sex-specific rankings underscored the rising mortality burden of prostate, female breast, and cervical cancers.

2024 Impact Factor of CJCR: 6.3
Journal Citation Reports ™, Clarivate Analytics

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Vol 38, No 1 (Feb 2026)

Consensus and Expert Recommendation

Expert consensus on multidisciplinary management of laparoscopic-endoscopic cooperative surgery combined with sentinel lymph node navigation surgery for early gastric cancer (2026 edition)

Zhi Zheng, Yu Zhao, Rui Xu, Zimeng Wang, Jie Yin, Fandong Meng, Kuiliang Liu, Guangyong Chen, Jun Zhang, Peng Li, Lin Chen, Zhongtao Zhang, Shutian Zhang, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, National Key Laboratory of Digestive Health, Digestive Endoscopy Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Gastroenterologist and Hepatologist Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Chinese Gastric Cancer Association of China Anti-Cancer Association

Pages: 1-26 HTML

Original Article

Evaluating diagnostic efficacy of multigene testing in non-diagnostic thyroid nodules by fine-needle aspiration cytology: A prospective cohort study

Guozhi Zhang, Lin Ren, Jia Xiao, Yangqiu Bao, Hao Tian, Qiyun Shi, Chunlin Tang, Ping Chen, Yan Liang, Peng Tang, Wenting Yan, Ye Zhang, Xiaowei Qi, Yanli Guo, Yi Zhang

Pages: 27-38 HTML

Chemotherapy-free regimen: Real-world efficacy and safety of anlotinib plus PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in advanced non-small cell lung cancer

Haiyang Chen, Guanghua Yang, Tao Wang, Gongbin Chen, Aiguo Xu, Chunzheng Ma, Ke Shang, Peijie Liu, Honglin Zhou, Zhiwei Wang, Xinju Xu, Xiao Sun, Fengyu Zhai, Yuanyuan Ji, Juan Huangfu, Xinli Jia, Chunqing Li, Jiazhuan Mei, Minyong Jia, Shunhai Niu, Gaogao Zhang, Yuqing Liu, Lin Lu, Juntao Zhang, Lijun Wang, Tianjiang Ma, Liwei Gao, Cailing Jin, Qiming Wang

Pages: 39-51 HTML

Dynamic income patterns and risk of pancreatic and biliary tract cancers: A nationwide cohort study

Chung-woo Lee, Kunhee Han, Yong-Moon Mark Park, Ju-Yeong Park, Kyu-Na Lee, Dong Wook Shin, Seon Mee Kim, Youn Seon Choi, Kyungdo Han, Ga Eun Nam

Pages: 52-66 HTML

Circulating tumor cells with chromosome 8 aneuploidy are a diagnostic and prognostic monitoring biomarker for ovarian cancer

Shimin Yang, Buyun Li, Hongyan Cheng, Xue Ye, Sha Dou, Yuanfen Wang, Xuelian Song, Huarui Yang, Xiaohong Chang, Yi Li

Pages: 67-82 HTML

Chromatin regulators TOP2A and PPARGC1A stratify prostate cancer risk and reveal TOP2A-driven progression via PI3K/AKT pathway

Zhipeng Wang, Jie Wang, Shuang Chen, Ruicheng Wu, Zhouting Tuo, Luxia Ye, Koo Han Yoo, Dengxiong Li, Xiaodong Jin, Wei Xiong, Dechao Feng

Pages: 83-99 HTML

Review Article

Frontiers in bacterial outer membrane vesicles: From basic characteristics to cancer therapy

Siyang Ma, Jianxuan Sun, Jingyu Xu, Ye An, Jinzhou Xu, Shaogang Wang, Qidong Xia

Pages: 100-118 HTML

NHCPRC Guidelines

National Health Commission guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer in China (2025 edition, English version)

Department of Medical Administration, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China; Chinese Medical Association Oncology Branch

Pages: 949-961 HTML

National Health Commission guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer 2023 in China (English version)

National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China; Society of Oncology, Chinese Medical Association

Pages: 197-232 HTML